【美國留學(xué)】新托福聽力考試主旨題的選項(xiàng)特征

介詞：

?about

注意點(diǎn)：在第三條中,動詞過去式和過去分詞后面引導(dǎo)的都是上節(jié)課涉及到的內(nèi)容,所以即使大家聽到了discuss這個詞也可以放棄這部分內(nèi)容。而只要聽好并把握準(zhǔn)today后面要講的內(nèi)容即可,也就是be going to/will 后面引導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容!那么,about就是一個經(jīng)常引導(dǎo)主要內(nèi)容的一個介詞。這個詞很關(guān)鍵,要求聽準(zhǔn)其后面的賓語是什么!因?yàn)檫@個賓語就是解題的關(guān)鍵。

conversation 引導(dǎo)主旨題信號標(biāo)志詞總結(jié)

1. wonder (e.g. i was wondering,…)

2. think (e.g. i am thinking, i was thinking,….)

3. hope (i was hoping,…)

4. need (do you need, i need….)

5. figure out, work out, sort out,

conversation的主要內(nèi)容,一般情況下都是以上的這些詞引導(dǎo)的。常用句型已在后面括號中標(biāo)注出來。請同學(xué)們謹(jǐn)記在心。

主旨題的選項(xiàng)特征

在選擇選項(xiàng)的時候,大家一定要避免選擇如下選項(xiàng)：1)范圍小-細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)入主旨題(最常見);2)范圍大-沒鎖定主旨;3)不正確選項(xiàng)(即文章中根本沒有涉及到的內(nèi)容)

正確選項(xiàng)特征如下：( 以下是比較典型的主旨題的選項(xiàng)特征)

1)長的名詞結(jié)構(gòu)：(技巧：先定位比較of和that前面的詞,在原文中找同意替換。之后確定of和that后面的賓語是否符合原文)

a) …of….

b) …that…

e.g. script

so, i wanted to discuss a few other terms here…actually, some, uh some ideas about how we manage our resources. let’s talk about what that…what that means. if we take a resource like water…well,

q: what is the talk mainly about?

a. a common method of managing water supply.

b. the formation of underground water systems.

c. natural processes that renew water supplies.

d. maintaining the purity of underground water system.

文章中的這句話i wanted to discuss a few other terms here…some ideas about很明確的點(diǎn)出了文章的內(nèi)容主旨。根據(jù)上面的講解,我們很容易把握discuss和about這兩個詞!所以,about后面的how we manage our resources就是文章的主旨了!所以根據(jù)同義替換,我們可以將how這個詞替換為a選項(xiàng)的method而且of 后面的賓語(managing water supply)也同原文內(nèi)容(how we manage our resources)一致!正確答案為a.。

2). 以how, what, why開頭

e.g. script

…so the earth’s surface is made up of these huge segments, these tectonic plates. and these plates move, right? but how can, uh, motion of plates, do you think, influence climate on the earth? again, all of you probably read this section in the book, i hope, but, uh, uh, how— how can just motion of the plates impact the climate?

q: what is the main topic of the talk?

a. the differences in climate that occur in different countries.

b. how movement of the earth’s plates can affect climate.

c. why the ocean has less effect on climate than previously thought.

d. the history of the climate of the region where the college is located

這道題可以明顯根據(jù)部分文章重復(fù)找出答案!重復(fù)句式為but how can, uh, motion of plates, do you think, influence climate on the earth?去掉其中的插入語,我們可以提煉出how can motion of plates influence climate on the earth。與這句話一致的是b選項(xiàng)!其中,可以找到原文與選項(xiàng)的同義替換是motion=movement、effect= impact/ influence。從這道題目可以看出：特殊疑問詞也是主旨題正確選項(xiàng)的一大特征!

3)to do

e.g. script (lecture)

k. another ancient greek philosopher we need to discuss is aristotle–aristotle’s ethical theory. what aristotle’s theory is all about is this: he is trying to show you how to be happy—what true happiness is.

q: what is the main purpose of the lecture?

a. to illustrate the importance of extrinsic values

b. to explain aristotle’s views about the importance of teaching

c. to explain why people change what they value

d. to discuss aristotle’s views about human happiness

to do結(jié)構(gòu)在主旨題中出鏡率很高,目的主旨的選項(xiàng)大部分以to do結(jié)構(gòu)開頭。那么,解題的宗旨就是比較動詞do的形式和用詞!如果原文中用到的動詞與選項(xiàng)一致,同學(xué)可以首先定位此選項(xiàng),再比較后面的賓語即可。ok. another ancient greek philosopher we need to discuss is aristotle–aristotle’s ethical theory.從原文中可以看到discuss這個詞,那么這個詞正好與d選項(xiàng)中的discuss相吻合,而其后的賓語human happiness也一致!所以答案無可厚非為d。若選項(xiàng)中do的形式與原文不一致,那么我們需要做的就是同義替換。請看下面的例子：

e.g. script (conversation)

?s: i was hoping you could look over my note cards for my presentation…just to see what you think of it.

?p: okay, so refresh my memory: what’s your presentation about?

q: why does the student visit the professor?

a. to get some note cards for his presentation

b. to show her some examples of common errors in research

c. to review the notes for his presentation with her

d. to ask for help in finding a topic for his presentation.

在這篇文章中,引導(dǎo)conversation主旨題的標(biāo)志詞是i was hoping,在其之后出現(xiàn)的動詞關(guān)鍵詞是look over。名詞關(guān)鍵詞為：note cards for my presentation。所以,與原文一致的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該找look over的同義替換,即review!所以應(yīng)該選擇c選項(xiàng)。

以上就是主旨題需要注意的細(xì)節(jié)信息和解題技巧,希望能對大家在準(zhǔn)備托福聽力考試的過程中起到指引作用。

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