托福聽力修辭題出題形式及解

出現(xiàn)位置 :

聽力中的修辭題通常出現(xiàn)在課堂演講(lectures)部分,在2個(gè)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,4個(gè)課堂演講中,一般占5至6題。

出題形式

修辭題通常都是以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句, 例如:

why does the professor say this? ( 詢問(wèn)使用了何種修辭手段 )

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

how dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? ( 詢問(wèn)談話人是如何創(chuàng)造了某種修辭手段的 )

a: by comparing x to y

b: by giving an example of x

why does the professor say so? ( 節(jié)選了演講中某一帶有修辭用法的部分,讓考生回答為什么談話人用此修辭 )

a: to point out a flaw

b: to repeat a point

c: to define an important term

d: to exemplify a key point

解題技巧 :

1. 聽原文時(shí)即可適時(shí)判斷談話人的真實(shí)意圖,談話人某句講話修辭手法運(yùn)用明顯之時(shí),往往就是考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)之處。

2. 熟悉常用修辭手段,如比喻(又分明喻,暗喻等), 夸張,比擬,例證,借代,反問(wèn), 反復(fù),設(shè)問(wèn)等等。

3. 注意根據(jù)上線問(wèn)和談話氣氛來(lái)綜合回答問(wèn)題,不要脫離主題憑空猜測(cè)談話人的修辭意圖。例如:

( 一 )

professor: through much of the last century, america’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

narrator:

listen again to a part of the lecture. then answer the question.

professor: …now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

why does the professor say this?

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

解析 :

該題是詢問(wèn)為何使用某種修辭手法.

從談話節(jié)選段落中我們很容易看出, 教授使用的是暗喻的方法.

該段落大概的意思是: 在上個(gè)世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間里, 美國(guó)式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海,波瀾不驚: 而今, 卻如清風(fēng)拂絮, 撒落人間.

暗喻的方式是為了形成對(duì)比, 從而激起聽者的想象力, 活躍課堂談話的氣氛.

綜上所述正確答案為c.

( 二 )

narrator: listen again to part of the discussion. then answer the question.

professor: although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.

why does the professor say so?

a: to point out the advantage.

b: to repeat a point

c: to define an important point.

d: to exemplify a key point

解析 :

在看到題目的時(shí)候,注意不要脫離修辭談具體,想想原材料中的具體的情形.

另外有的干擾選項(xiàng)會(huì)脫離原文,即前面所說(shuō)的不結(jié)合上下文和氣氛進(jìn)行臆斷。所以要多多注意.

還有的選項(xiàng)是利用其他修辭手段的特征,混淆正確選項(xiàng)。所以在這方面也要多多注意.

該題正確選項(xiàng)為a

總之, 在把握i聽力修辭題的時(shí)候要多多注意材料中出現(xiàn)的修辭方法, 例如比喻,夸張,比擬,接待,反問(wèn)等. 排除干擾項(xiàng), 選出正確答案.