GMAT考試語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解（一）

   以下是GMAT考試語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)例題，通過例題的實(shí)際演示和解析，對(duì)其中的語法進(jìn)行解釋和分析。

　　1.　Margaret Mead, the best-known anthropologist of the twentieth century, helped shape public opinion on fundamentally important areas like attitudes toward children and families, along with the relative merits of competition and cooperation.

　　A. shape public opinion on fundamentally important areas like attitudes toward children and families, along with

　　B. shape public opinion in such fundamentally important areas as attitudes toward children and families and

　　C. to shape public opinion about such fundamentally important areas like attitudes toward children and families, also about

　　D. the shaping of public opinion for fundamentally important areas such as attitudes toward children and families, and those toward 答案(B)

　　E. the shaping of public opinion around fundamentally important areas like attitudes toward children and families, and those of

　　題目釋義：MM, …, helped shape opinion … in areas such as … and …

　　考點(diǎn)：

　　固定搭配(Idiom) 有效用詞(Diction)

　　1. Help的用法：Help sb. (to) do; Help (to) do; Be helpful in (特別注意)

　　2. 列舉用such … as A, B, … and C結(jié)構(gòu)，不可以用like代替。like在GMAT中通常做介詞表示“像…一樣”，要求前后嚴(yán)格對(duì)稱，但不可表示列舉。

　　3. such as的兩種形式：A such as B, such A as B

　　such as的用法：

　　such as + 具體名詞(n1 and n2或doing n1 and doing n2;)表示舉例

　　such as + noun/ doing/ what從句/介詞短語

　　錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：

　　such as + there/they/these 錯(cuò) ，必須是具體的東西，不能加代詞

　　such as + to do 錯(cuò) such as + 句子 錯(cuò) such as + when錯(cuò)。

　　X1, X2, X3 such as these 錯(cuò)，such as要放在列舉之前。

　　4. Along with短語引導(dǎo)的是伴隨狀語，不可以表示平行關(guān)系也不可以做連詞使用

　　5. 在…方面要用in … area(s).

　　選項(xiàng)分析：

　　A.On areas 搭配錯(cuò)誤;like無法表示列舉，應(yīng)當(dāng)換成such as;along with不能代替and表示并列

　　B.Correct; such as的列舉中，attitudes與relative merits的并列

　　C.Help to do不如help do簡(jiǎn)潔有效，但不能稱其為絕對(duì)性錯(cuò)誤;about areas 搭配錯(cuò)誤;like無法表示列舉，應(yīng)當(dāng)換成such as;also about錯(cuò)誤，also不可以作為副詞連接詞(副詞連接詞)使用

　　D. Help the doing搭配錯(cuò)誤;for…areas搭配錯(cuò)誤;邏輯意思上講such as的列舉中應(yīng)該是attitudes與relative merits的并列，也可以從另一個(gè)角度分析：如果是attitudes與merits并列的話，不應(yīng)該再用those toward，而直接用and連接，如果是兩個(gè)attitudes并列的話最多補(bǔ)出and toward，從兩個(gè)方面來講and those toward都是錯(cuò)的;另外and those toward前面的逗號(hào)不應(yīng)該有

　　E. Help the doing搭配錯(cuò)誤;around area搭配錯(cuò)誤;like無法表示列舉，應(yīng)當(dāng)換成such as;邏輯意思上講列舉中應(yīng)該是attitudes與relative merits的并列;另外and those of前面的逗號(hào)不應(yīng)該有

　　2.　　One of the primary distinctions between our intelligence with that of other primates may lay not so much in any specific skill but in our ability to extend knowledge gained in one context to new and different ones.

　　A. between our intelligence with that of other primates may lay not so much in any specific skill but

　　B. between our intelligence with that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill but instead

　　C. between our intelligence and that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill as

　　D. our intelligence has from that of other primates may lie not in any specific skill as 答案(C)

　　E. of our intelligence to that of other primates may lay not in any specific skill but

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)： One of the primary distinctions between … and … may lie not so much in … as in…

　　考點(diǎn)：

　　1. 固定搭配(1) distinction(s) between…and…

　　(2) difference(s) between…and… / A has difference from B

　　2. 固定搭配so much…as…，要保證平行

　　3. May, must, should, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面要接動(dòng)詞原形

　　4. 注意當(dāng)lay和lie都為動(dòng)詞的原型時(shí)的區(qū)別：lay是使役動(dòng)詞; lie表達(dá)的是狀態(tài)，可以作為L(zhǎng)inking Verb.

　　選項(xiàng)分析：

　　A. between … with搭配錯(cuò)誤;so much … but搭配錯(cuò)誤;lay不是原形，應(yīng)該換成lie

　　B. between … with搭配錯(cuò)誤;so much … but搭配錯(cuò)誤;instead多余

　　C. correct; that指代intelligence

　　D. distinction要用between…and...來搭配，不能用A has distinction(s) from B，只有A has difference(s) from B;固定搭配between…and…不完整;缺少了so much，被改為not… as…，改變合理句意

　　E. distinction要用between…and...來搭配，of…to搭配錯(cuò)誤;lay不是原形，應(yīng)該換成lie;not so much…as…被改為not…but，改變了合理句意

　　補(bǔ)充說明：

　　1. 有difference from和difference/distinction between A and B，而沒有distinction from

　　2. lie/ lay做動(dòng)詞時(shí)用法說明

　　lie為不及物動(dòng)詞;lay為及物動(dòng)詞。

　　lie : 1.lie - lied - lied 撒謊

　　2.lie - lay - lain 躺著;平放

　　lay : lay - laid - laid 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋;放，擱

　　以上就是小編為大家整理的GMAT考試語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)中的一部分，這些GMAT語法試題中涉及到的語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)有：有效用詞(Diction) 、句子結(jié)構(gòu)(Grammatical Construction)、指代一致(Agreement)、平行對(duì)稱(Parallelism)、簡(jiǎn)潔有效(Rhetorical Construction)、邏輯表達(dá)(Logical Predication)、主謂一致(Agreement)、固定搭配(Idiom)以及其他(Ends & Odds)。